Ameryka?skie wied?minki 1.
Ju? od dawna polscy socjologowie zamartwiaj? si? brakiem tzw. wzorców osobowych. Ot, poszczególni dowódcy ze Star Trek s? wzorami do na?ladowania, a pilot Pirx - raczej nie. Typ bohatera zmienia si? w zale?no?ci od czasu i miejsca. Wspóln? cech? starogreckich herosów by?a nie tyle si?a fizyczna (Herakles, Tezeusz), co uroda, m?ska moc i p?odno?? (Herakles, Tezeusz, Jazon, Perseusz). Dawni bohaterowie europejscy od Robin Hooda po Janosika zwi?zani byli z marzeniem o wyrwaniu si? z nieusuwalnej, dziedzicznej biedy - zabierali bogatym i oddawali biednym. Innymi s?owy: bohater danej kultury odzwierciedla bol?czki tej kultury. Jakie bol?czki odzwierciedla zestaw bohaterów, którzy szybciej strzelaj? (Billy Kid, Wyatt Earp), dysponuj? nadludzkim wyszkoleniem bojowym (Batman), nadludzkimi cechami (Spiderman), s? odporni na wszelk? bro? (Superman, Hellboy) i zwalczaj? Z?o, wcielone w zorganizowan? przest?pczo?? przenikaj?c? struktury w?adzy? Warto zauwa?y?, ?e bracia Earp i Doc Holliday byliby bezradni wobec serii z karabinu maszynowego wystrzelonej z jad?cego samochodu, wi?c bohater musia? by? dostosowywany do post?pu technicznego. Jak bardzo brak poczucia bezpiecze?stwa przedstawicielom kultury, w której dzieci nie potrafi? ?y? bez Justice League of America, The Fantastic Four czy cho?by zmutowanych ?ó?wi Ninja? Oczywi?cie wszyscy bohaterowie kultury masowej w wi?kszym lub mniejszym stopniu podejmuj? prace wied?mi?skie - zwalczaj? potwory. Inna ciekawa osobliwo?? to ?e?scy bohaterowie. Vampirella z Draculonu (planeta Draculon) jest wampirem, który nie atakuje ludzi, a zwalcza niebezpieczne wampiry; jej zmys?owy wizerunek podnieca nastolatków od wrze?nia 1969 roku. Lady Death rozmy?a si? w ró?nych osobowo?ciach i historiach, ale pojawia si? do dzi?. Najbardziej chyba konsekwentn? wied?mink?-bohaterem-wzorcem osobowym jest Detective Sara Pezzini - nosicielka Witchblade: cho? serial poci?gn?? tylko dwa sezony, orygina? komiksowy ukazuje si? od ko?ca 1995 roku do dzi? (czekamy na zeszyt 110) z licznymi dodatkami, cross-over i nawrotami. Special Agent Jane Vasco - Painkiller Jane pojawia si? jako komiks od 1995 a serial w?a?nie ko?czy pierwszy sezon (wy?wietlono odcinek 20). Nawet Lara Croft - Tombraider - musi wci?? porzuca? poszukiwanie cudownych artefaktów w grobowcach ca?ego ?wiata, by zwalcza? Z?o, a nawet ratowa? ?wiat. Wiecie, ?e Lara Croft jest serdeczn? przyjació?k? Sary Pezzini? Pewnym prze?omem w wizji ?e?skiego bohatera-wied?minki by?a Buffy Anne Summers - Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Podsumowanie wywiadu z twórc?:
Writer Joss Whedon developed Buffy to invert the Hollywood formula of the little blonde girl who goes into a dark alley and gets killed in every horror movie. Whedon wanted to subvert that idea and create someone who was a hero. He explained:
The very first mission statement of the show, was the joy of female power: having it, using it, sharing it.
Buffy (po filmie pe?nometra?owym) mieszka w fikcyjnym miasteczku Sunnydale w Kalifornii, którego lokaln? osobliwo?ci? jest Hellmouth, przyci?gaj?ce wampiry i demony. Zatem po relgowaniu z gimnazjum w Los Angeles za spalenie (pe?nej wampirów) sali gimnastycznej znalaz?a si? na najw?a?ciwszym miejscu. Buffy jest bohaterem modzie?owym - przybywa do Sunnydale w wieku 15 lat, a schodzi z ekranu w wieku 21 lat. Jedn? z g?ównych my?li Jossa Whedona jest, ?e ka?de miasto i miasteczko ma w obfito?ci w?asne Hellmouth - w?a?nie gimnazjum. O ostro?ci spojrzenia Jossa Whedona ?wiadczy zawik?ana historia odcinka 52 (3x16) Earshot, który wyemitowano we wrze?niu nast?pnego roku: w odcinku jeden z uczniów pojawia? si? na wie?y ze sztucerem (Ruger Model 77 Mark 2), a tu? przed jego wy?wietleniem: On April 20, 1999, in Littleton, Colorado, two teenage boys committed mass murder at their high school (Columbine High School), injuring many and killing 13 before killing themselves. This, understandably, sent the nation into an uproar. Earshot was scheduled to air just one week later, but due to the content (a student's apparent plot to commit mass murder at Sunnydale High), and a few lines in particular, the WB decided it would be best not to air this episode so soon after the tragedy in Colorado. Joss Whedon supported the decision. The episode was finally aired on September 21, 1999. Buffy odwraca te? ameryka?sk? kolej rzeczy: najpierw film i serial, a potem komiks. Ca?kowicie nieameryka?ska kolej rzeczy: najpierw cykl powie?ciowy, potem komiks (aktualnie 6 zeszytów pierwszego tomu i dwa prequela) to Anita Blake Vampire Hunter pióra Laurell K. Hamilton. W pewnym sensie Anita Blake jest kontynuacj? Buffy Summers: Buffy zesz?a z ekranu w wieku 21 lat, a Anita Blake rozpoczyna karier? w wieku 21 lat (w pierwszym tomie - Guilty Pleasures, 1993 - ma 24 lata; w ostatnich wydanych ma 27 lat). S? ró?nice: Buffy traci matk? w wieku 19 lat, a Anita Blake - w wieku o?miu lat:
I was eight years old when my mother died, and my father couldn't handle it. We got a phone call from a state trooper that told us she was dead. My father dropped the phone and started to wail, not cry, wail. He took me by the hand and walked the few blocks to my grandmother's house, wailing, leading me by the hand. By the time we got to my grandmother's we had a crowd of neighbors, all asking what was wrong, what was wrong. I was the one who turned to my neighbors and said, 'My mommy's dead.' My father was collapsed in the bosom of his family, and I was left standing alone, uncomforted, unheld, tears on my face, telling the neighbors what had happened.
To by?a pierwsza z serii utrat, które ukszta?towa?y osobowo?? Anity. Kiedy nieoczekiwanie musi przeprowadzi? magiczn? ceremoni?, której towarzyszy wymiana wspomnie? z dwoma innymi istotami, nie umie znale?? szcz??liwych wspomnie?. Buffy by?a szcz??liwa po ?mierci w odcinku 100 (5x22) - uwa?a?a, ?e jest w niebie, póki jej przyjaciele nie przywo?ali jej z grobu wierz?c, ?e trafi?a do piek?a (sie? posiadaj?ca prawa autorskie do serialu postanowi?a go zako?czy?; inna sie? odkupi?a prawa i poci?gn??a jeszcze dwa sezony). Anicie Blake jak dot?d zdarzy?a si? najwy?ej ?mier? kliniczna, ale te? uwa?ana jest przez innych za pot?pion? (papie? ekskomunikowa? wszystkich wykonuj?cych jej pierwszy zawód; w ósmym tomie sorcerer przywo?uj?cy piekielnego demona liczy?, ?e Anita nie przekroczy magicznego kr?gu ochrony przed z?em - i przeliczy? si?; w dziewi?tym tomie porucznik Marks z policji w Albouquerque przegania wezwan? jako eksperta Anit? z miejsca zbrodni cytatem z Biblii: He spoke low, but it carried, Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live. I thought of a lot of things to say, and do, most of which would have gotten me dragged out by a bunch of uniforms. I didn't want to be dragged out, but I wanted to make Marks suffer. Choices, choices. I rose on tiptoe and planted a big kiss on his mouth. He stumbled back, pushing away from me so hard that he fell into the bedroom and left me pushed into the hallway beyond. Masculine laughter filled the hallway. Two bright spots of color flamed on Marks' cheeks as he lay panting on the carpet. You're lying in your evidence, Marks, I said. Get her out of here, now.
dialog z 15 tomu:
Do you worry about getting into heaven, Ms. Blake? It was such an odd question that I answered it. I did, for a while, but my faith still makes my cross glow. My prayers still have the power to chase the evil things away. God hasn't forsaken me; it's just that all the right-wing fundamentalist Christians want to believe he has. I've seen evil, Malcolm, real evil, and you aren't that. He smiled, and it was gentle, and almost embarrassed. Have I come to you for absolution, Ms. Blake? I don't think I'm the one to give you absolution. I would like a priest to hear my sins before I die, Ms. Blake, but none will come near me. They are holy, and the very trappings of their calling will burst into flames in my presence. Not true. The holy items only go off if the true believer panics, or if you try vampire powers on them. He blinked at me, and I realized his eyes held unshed tears, shimmering in the overhead lights. Is this true, Ms. Blake? I promise it is. His attitude was beginning to make me afraid for him. I didn't want to be afraid for Malcolm. I had enough people in my life that I cared for enough to worry about; I did not need to add the undead Billy Graham to my list.)
Oczywist? zbie?no?ci? mi?dzy Buffy Summers i Anit? Blake s? romanse z wampirami.
Ró?nica mi?dzy Buffy i Anit? Blake bierze si? z wieku (a wi?c i adresata utworu). To tak, jak Kir Bu?yczow mówi? o Alicji (dziewczynce, której nie mo?e si? sta? nic z?ego) i Korze Orwath: to ta sama osoba, tylko Alicja by?a dzieckiem, a Kora jest doros?a, wi?c te? ma ?ycie p?ciowe. Buffy funkcjonuje w piekle high school (gimnazjum) i college'u (liceum); Anita jest doros?a, ma licencjat z biologii pozanaturalnej, pracuje i ma ?ycie p?ciowe.
Jedna z najwa?niejszych ró?nic mi?dzy kultur? ameryka?sk? a europejsk? te? jest zwi?zana z wiekiem. Kiedy kszta?towa?a si? kultura europejska, u?ywano mieczy i toporów; kultura ameryka?ska kszta?towa?a si? pod znakiem Colta. Ot, nasze gro?by dotycz? g?owy (uci??, urwa?, rozwali? ?eb, da? w ?eb czy po g?owie), ameryka?skie gro?by dotycz?... ty?ka (shoot his ass, kick ass). Anita Blake u?ywa miecza tylko gdy go znajdzie i nie mo?e u?y? ani Browninga Hi Power i Firestara (do 14 tomu), ani Browninga BDM i Kahr'a. Chocia? na takie sytuacje nosi trzy no?e: dwa na przedramionach (lub na udach - gdy jest w sukience bez r?kawów) i trzeci, ponad 30 cm ostrze, na plecach, z r?koje?ci? ukryt? pod w?osami. No?e ze stali z najwy?sz? mo?liw? zawarto?ci? srebra.
Jednak Anita Blake ma sporo wspólnego z wied?minem. Na pocz?tek dwa drobiazgi: Geralt (CzP): Wied?min odwróci? si?. Spojrza? na g?sto podziurawione oblicze na portrecie i na utkwiony w nim orion. A potem zamkn?? oczy. Gwiazda zawy?a i hukn??a w ?cian? cztery cale od ramy portretu. - Jasna cholera! - wrzasn?? Codringher. - Nawet nie drgn??e?, ty sukinsynu! Geralt odwróci? si? i u?miechn??. Niezwykle paskudnie. - A po co mia?em drga?? S?ysza?em, ?e rzucasz tak, by nie trafi?. Anita Blake (Guilty Pleasures): He moved with a liquid quickness that Willie had never had, but I saw him move and was one step back from his reaching hand. I'm not just another pretty face to fall for mind tricks. You saw me move. I heard you move. You're the new dead, Willie. Vampire or not, you've got a lot to learn. He was frowning at me, hand still half-extended towards me. Maybe, but no human could a stepped outta reach like that. He stepped up close to me, plaid jacket nearly brushing against me. Pressed together like that, we were nearly the same height, short. His eyes were on a perfect level with mine. I stared as hard as I could at his shoulder. It took everything I had not to step back from him. But dammit, undead or not, he was Willie McCoy. I wasn't going to give him the satisfaction. He said, You ain't human, any more than I am.
I tu pojawia si? nast?pny wspólny drobiazg. Wied?mini (i wampiry u Laurell K. Hamilton) rozpoczynaj? ?ycie jako ludzie. S? zamieniani w co? innego.
Geralt (ZP): G?owa upad?a na ?wir. Potworów jest coraz mniej? A ja? Czym ja jestem? (Bez trudu podacie wi?cej cytatów). Anita Blake: t. 2 The Laughing Corpse: The first light of dawn passed like milk on the eastern sky. The wind died with the light. Wanda knelt in the bloody grass, crying. I knelt beside her. She jerked back at my touch. I guess I couldn't blame her, but it bothered me anyway. We have to get out of here. You need a doctor, I said. She stared up at me. What are you? Today for the first time I didn't know how to answer that question. Human didn't seem to cover it. I'm an animator, I said finally. She just kept staring at me. I wouldn't have believed me either. But she let me help her up. I guess that was something. But she kept looking at me out of the edge of her eyes. Wanda considered me one of the monsters. She may have been right. t. 3. Circus of the Damned: Raising the dead makes a lot of people class me with the monsters. There are even days when I agree with them. t. 3. Circus of the Damned: Loving the monsters always ends badly for the human. It's a rule. That brought me to Richard. He was one of the monsters, but he was alive. That was an improvement over Jean-Claude. And was he any less human than I was: zombie queen, vampire slayer, necromancer? Who was I to complain? t. 4. Lunatic cafe You had to begin to wonder why the monsters were so damn comfortable around me. I raised zombies and slew vampires. Who was I to throw stones? t. 5. Bloody Bones Can the compliments, Magnus. It won't get you anywhere. What would get me somewhere? I sighed. I've got too many men on my plate now. That's the God's honest truth, Larry muttered. I frowned at him. I'm not asking you out on a date. I'm asking you into my bed. I frowned at Magnus. No, glared was a better word. Not in this lifetime. Sex between supernatural beings is always amazing, Anita. I'm not a supernatural being. Now who's splitting hairs? (Magnus Bouvier jest w cz??ci elfem - faerie). t. 7. Burnt Offerings You just spend too much time with the damn monsters, Anita. I don't mean who you date. I mean all of it. You've played by their rules so long, sometimes you forget what it's like to be normal. I smiled. I raise the dead for a living, Dolph. I've never been normal. He shook his head. Don't purposely misunderstand what I'm saying, Anita. It's not the fur or the fangs that make you a monster, not always. Sometimes, it's just where you draw the line.
Ci?g dalszy zapewne nast?pi...
-- -- Z powa?aniem Marek Szyjewski Ziemia = kula u nogi
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